GI tract, liver, and pancreas pathology with classic histologic findings, inflammatory bowel disease patterns, and hepatic disease morphology. Original cards testing the underlying concepts.
40 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What type of epithelial change defines Barrett esophagus?
Show answer
Replacement of normal stratified squamous epithelium with metaplastic columnar epithelium containing goblet cells (intestinal metaplasia).- Barrett esophagus significantly increases the risk of which cancer?
Show answer
Esophageal adenocarcinoma.- Achalasia is caused by loss of inhibitory ganglion cells in the ____, preventing the lower esophageal sphincter from relaxing.
Show answer
myenteric (Auerbach) plexus- What underlying condition causes esophageal varices?
Show answer
Portal hypertension, which dilates submucosal veins in the lower esophagus.- What is Boerhaave syndrome?
Show answer
A transmural rupture of the esophagus, usually caused by forceful vomiting.- What is Mallory-Weiss syndrome?
Show answer
Mucosal, non-transmural lacerations at the gastroesophageal junction caused by forceful vomiting.- What are the two major risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?
Show answer
Alcohol use and tobacco use.- In which part of the esophagus does adenocarcinoma typically arise?
Show answer
The lower third, usually from preexisting Barrett esophagus.- A Curling ulcer is classically associated with which clinical setting?
Show answer
Severe burns.- A Cushing ulcer is classically associated with which clinical setting?
Show answer
Increased intracranial pressure.- H. pylori infection is most strongly associated with which histologic type of gastric adenocarcinoma?
Show answer
Intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma.- Menetrier disease is characterized by massive hyperplasia of gastric mucous cells, producing ____.
Show answer
giant, hypertrophied rugae- What histologic feature defines a signet ring cell in gastric carcinoma?
Show answer
A large intracytoplasmic mucin vacuole that pushes the nucleus to the periphery of the cell.- What small bowel histologic findings are seen in celiac disease?
Show answer
Villous atrophy with crypt hyperplasia and increased intraepithelial lymphocytes.- Which antibody is used to screen for celiac disease?
Show answer
Anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA.
FlashKeepers