Hypersensitivity reaction types, autoimmune disease morphology, and amyloidosis patterns as tested on USMLE Step 1.
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- Which antibody class mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions?
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IgE- Which cell type degranulates to release histamine in Type I hypersensitivity?
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Mast cells (and basophils)- What is a classic clinical example of a Type I hypersensitivity reaction?
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Anaphylaxis- How quickly does a Type I hypersensitivity reaction typically develop after antigen exposure?
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Within minutes- In Type II hypersensitivity, what does the antibody bind to?
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Antigens directly on a cell surface or in the extracellular matrix- What is a classic example of a Type II hypersensitivity disease?
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Goodpasture syndrome- What is the mechanism of Type III hypersensitivity?
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Antigen-antibody immune complexes deposit in tissue and activate complement- What is a classic example of Type III hypersensitivity?
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Serum sickness- What is the mechanism of Type IV hypersensitivity?
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T cell mediated, without antibody involvement- Type IV hypersensitivity is also known by what name, based on its timing?
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Delayed-type hypersensitivity- In Goodpasture syndrome, autoantibodies target which structural protein?
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Type IV collagen in the basement membrane- What is the most sensitive autoantibody screening test for systemic lupus erythematosus?
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Antinuclear antibody (ANA)- What autoantibody is most specific for systemic lupus erythematosus?
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Anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA)- What is the most severe pattern of lupus nephritis seen on renal biopsy?
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Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis- What characteristic facial rash occurs in systemic lupus erythematosus?
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Malar (butterfly) rash
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