Anatomy · Physical Therapy

PT Anatomy

Joint movements, muscle origin/insertion/action facts most relevant to physical therapy practice.

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Deltoid - origin
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
Deltoid - insertion
Deltoid tuberosity on lateral humerus
Deltoid - primary action
Abduction of shoulder, anterior portion assists flexion, posterior portion assists extension
Supraspinatus - origin and insertion
Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula. Insertion: superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Supraspinatus - primary action
Initiation of shoulder abduction (first 15 degrees)
Infraspinatus - origin and insertion
Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula. Insertion: middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Infraspinatus - primary action
External (lateral) rotation of shoulder
Teres major - origin and insertion
Origin: dorsal surface of scapula near inferior angle. Insertion: medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
Teres major - primary actions
Extension, adduction, and internal rotation of shoulder
Pectoralis major - origin
Medial clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages 1-6, and fascia of rectus abdominis
Pectoralis major - insertion
Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
Pectoralis major - primary actions
Flexion and internal rotation of shoulder, adduction across chest
Latissimus dorsi - origin and insertion
Origin: spinous processes T6-S4, iliac crest, ribs 9-12. Insertion: floor of the intertubercular (bicipital) groove of humerus
Latissimus dorsi - primary actions
Extension, adduction, and internal rotation of shoulder
Biceps brachii - origin and insertion
Origin: short head from coracoid process, long head from supraglenoid tubercle of scapula. Insertion: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

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