Pap smear, fine-needle aspiration cytology, and the Bethesda cervical screening system, a lab-method deck distinct from the biopsy-morphology focus of the organ-specific pathology decks.
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- What type of cells does a conventional Pap smear sample from the cervix?
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Exfoliated cells from the cervical transformation zone.- What is the primary purpose of a Pap smear?
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To screen for precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions.- Who developed the Pap smear technique?
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George Papanicolaou.- What is the cervical transformation zone?
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The junction between squamous epithelium of the ectocervix and columnar epithelium of the endocervix.- At what age does average-risk cervical cancer screening typically begin?
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Age 21.- How often should average-risk women aged 21 to 29 be screened with cytology alone?
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Every 3 years.- What is the preferred screening strategy for average-risk women aged 30 to 65?
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Cytology plus HPV co-testing every 5 years.- Which two HPV genotypes are most strongly linked to cervical cancer?
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HPV 16 and 18.- What cytologic feature is characteristic of HPV-infected squamous cells?
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Koilocytes: cells with a perinuclear halo, nuclear enlargement, and hyperchromasia.- What does the Bethesda system standardize?
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Reporting terminology for cervical cytology results.- What does the Bethesda category ASC-US stand for?
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Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance.- What does the Bethesda category ASC-H mean?
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Atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion.- Which histologic lesion does LSIL correspond to?
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Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (mild dysplasia).- Which histologic lesions does HSIL correspond to?
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CIN 2 and CIN 3 (moderate to severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ).- What does the Bethesda category AGC stand for?
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Atypical glandular cells.
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