Endocrine gland pathology and tumor morphology (thyroid, adrenal, pituitary, pancreatic islet), distinct from the hormone-axis focused USMLE Endocrine deck.
34 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma?
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma
- What nuclear feature is characteristic of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells?
- Empty-appearing nuclei with central clearing (Orphan Annie eye nuclei)
- Psammoma bodies, concentric calcified structures, are a histologic feature of ____.
- papillary thyroid carcinoma
- What nuclear feature, besides clearing, helps identify papillary thyroid carcinoma cells?
- Nuclear grooves (longitudinal folds in the nucleus)
- How is follicular thyroid carcinoma distinguished from a follicular adenoma?
- By capsular and/or vascular invasion seen on histology
- What is the primary route of metastasis for follicular thyroid carcinoma?
- Hematogenous spread
- Medullary thyroid carcinoma arises from which cell type?
- Parafollicular C cells
- What hormone is secreted by medullary thyroid carcinoma?
- Calcitonin
- Medullary thyroid carcinoma is associated with which familial syndromes?
- MEN2A and MEN2B
- What substance forms the stroma of medullary thyroid carcinoma?
- Amyloid, derived from deposited calcitonin
- Which thyroid carcinoma subtype is most aggressive and typically occurs in older adults?
- Anaplastic (undifferentiated) thyroid carcinoma
- What cell type is characteristically seen in Hashimoto thyroiditis?
- Hurthle cells (oxyphilic cells with granular eosinophilic cytoplasm)
- Chronic Hashimoto thyroiditis increases the risk of developing thyroid ____.
- lymphoma
- What histologic finding describes the colloid in Graves disease?
- Scalloped, pale colloid margins from hyperactive follicular epithelium
- What type of inflammation characterizes subacute (de Quervain) thyroiditis?
- Granulomatous inflammation