Bacteria and viruses (gram-positive/negative, key virus families) matched to the disease they cause and one distinguishing lab feature.
45 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What gram-positive coccus is catalase-positive and coagulase-positive, causing skin infections and toxic shock syndrome?
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Which gram-positive coccus is beta-hemolytic, catalase-negative, and causes pharyngitis and scarlet fever?
- Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae is gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic, and optochin-sensitive. What two serious infections does it cause?
- Pneumonia and meningitis
- Enterococcus species grow in 6.5% NaCl and are PYR-positive gram-positive cocci. Name one infection they cause.
- Urinary tract infection (UTI) or endocarditis
- Bacillus anthracis is a gram-positive, spore-forming rod. What is the disease it causes?
- Anthrax (cutaneous, pulmonary, or gastrointestinal form)
- Listeria monocytogenes causes meningitis in neonates and immunocompromised patients. What is its characteristic motility at cold temperatures?
- Tumbling motility; grows during cold enrichment at 4°C
- Clostridium tetani is an anaerobic gram-positive rod. What neurotoxin does it produce?
- Tetanospasmin, causing muscle rigidity and lockjaw
- Clostridium botulinum produces a neurotoxin causing flaccid paralysis. What is this condition called?
- Botulism
- Which anaerobic gram-positive rod produces toxins A and B, causing pseudomembranous colitis?
- Clostridium difficile
- Neisseria meningitidis is a gram-negative diplococcus. Is the oxidase test positive or negative, and what is the primary disease?
- Oxidase-positive; causes meningitis and meningococcal septicemia
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae is oxidase-positive and causes what sexually transmitted infection?
- Gonorrhea (urethritis, cervicitis, or pelvic inflammatory disease)
- E. coli is a gram-negative rod that ferments lactose and tests oxidase-negative. Name two infections it causes.
- Urinary tract infection and gastroenteritis
- Klebsiella pneumoniae forms mucoid colonies on agar and ferments lactose. What is its primary clinical presentation?
- Pneumonia; also urinary tract infection and sepsis, especially in hospitalized patients
- Proteus mirabilis is urease-positive and produces swarming motility on agar plates. What infection does it cause?
- Urinary tract infection; often associated with kidney stone formation due to urease
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa is oxidase-positive and produces a distinctive green pigment. Name one type of infection it causes.
- Wound infection, respiratory infection in cystic fibrosis, or nosocomial sepsis