Fungi, parasites, and remaining high-yield bugs matched to the disease they cause and one distinguishing feature.
48 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- Candida albicans
- Oral/vaginal thrush, esophageal infection; pseudohyphae with budding (gram-positive)
- Aspergillus fumigatus
- Aspergillosis (respiratory infections, invasive); septate hyphae with acute-angle branching
- Cryptococcus neoformans
- Cryptococcal meningitis, respiratory infection; polysaccharide capsule visible on India ink stain
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Histoplasmosis (respiratory); endemic to Ohio and Mississippi river valleys
- Blastomyces dermatitidis
- Blastomycosis (respiratory, skin); endemic North America, broad-based budding yeast
- Coccidioides immitis
- Coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever); endemic to southwestern US, spherule with endospores
- Pneumocystis jirovecii
- PCP (pneumonia in immunocompromised, especially AIDS CD4 < 200); visible on silver or GMS stain
- Mucor and Rhizopus species
- Mucormycosis (angioinvasive, rapid progression); non-septate hyphae with right-angle branching
- Candida auris
- Invasive candidiasis, multidrug resistance; emerging pathogen, poorly susceptible to azoles
- Plasmodium falciparum
- Malaria (falciparum type); highest mortality, risk of cerebral malaria and hemolysis
- Plasmodium vivax
- Malaria (vivax type); relapsing fever, hypnozoites in liver enable relapses
- Trypanosoma brucei
- African sleeping sickness; flagellated protozoan, crosses blood-brain barrier causing CNS disease
- Trypanosoma cruzi
- Chagas disease; C-shaped trypanosome, reduviid bug vector (kissing bug), cardiac involvement
- Leishmania donovani
- Visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar); intracellular amastigote, spleen/liver enlargement
- Toxoplasma gondii
- Toxoplasmosis; cat reservoir (definitive host), bradyzoites in tissue cysts, CNS/eye involvement