Glomerular and tubulointerstitial disease morphology, nephrotic versus nephritic patterns, and classic renal biopsy findings. Original cards testing the underlying concepts.
About this set
40 basic cards for USMLE Step 1 Pathology. Set 20 of 27 in USMLE Pathology. It opens with "What defines nephrotic syndrome in terms of proteinuria?" and "Besides massive proteinuria, what triad of findings accompanies nephrotic". Study it alongside the other USMLE Step 1 sets below.
40 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What defines nephrotic syndrome in terms of proteinuria?
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Proteinuria greater than 3.5 g per day- Besides massive proteinuria, what triad of findings accompanies nephrotic syndrome?
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Hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia- What urinary finding is the hallmark of nephritic syndrome?
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Hematuria with red blood cell casts- Why does hypertension commonly occur in nephritic syndrome?
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Glomerular inflammation reduces GFR, causing salt and water retention- On light microscopy, what do the glomeruli look like in minimal change disease?
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Normal appearing- What electron microscopy finding is diagnostic of minimal change disease?
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Diffuse effacement of podocyte foot processes- What is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children?
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Minimal change disease- How does minimal change disease typically respond to treatment?
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Excellent response to corticosteroids- What light microscopy pattern defines focal segmental glomerulosclerosis?
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Sclerosis in some glomeruli (focal) and only part of each affected glomerulus (segmental)- What is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in Black adults?
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Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis- FSGS is classically associated with which two conditions?
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HIV infection and heroin use- What electron microscopy pattern is seen in membranous nephropathy?
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Subepithelial deposits producing a 'spike and dome' appearance- What is the most common cause of primary nephrotic syndrome in white adults?
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Membranous nephropathy- Which antibody is most associated with primary membranous nephropathy?
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Anti-PLA2R (phospholipase A2 receptor) antibody- Name three causes of secondary membranous nephropathy.
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Hepatitis B infection, solid tumors, and systemic lupus erythematosus
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