Vasculitis classification by vessel size and vascular tumor morphology, distinct from the atherosclerosis focus of the cardiovascular pathology deck.
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- Which vasculitis is the most common in adults over age 50?
- Giant cell (temporal) arteritis
- Giant cell arteritis most commonly affects branches of which artery?
- The carotid artery, especially the temporal artery
- What symptom of giant cell arteritis results from ischemia of the muscles of chewing?
- Jaw claudication
- Untreated giant cell arteritis can cause irreversible vision loss due to occlusion of which artery?
- The ophthalmic artery
- What lab finding is classically markedly elevated in giant cell arteritis?
- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
- What histologic finding characterizes giant cell arteritis?
- Granulomatous inflammation with multinucleated giant cells in the vessel wall
- When should corticosteroid treatment begin in suspected giant cell arteritis?
- Immediately, before biopsy confirmation, to prevent blindness
- Giant cell arteritis is associated with which other rheumatologic condition in about 40 percent of cases?
- Polymyalgia rheumatica
- Takayasu arteritis primarily involves which vessels?
- The aortic arch and its major branches
- Takayasu arteritis typically affects which demographic?
- Young women, often of Asian descent, usually under age 40
- Polyarteritis nodosa is a necrotizing vasculitis of which size vessels?
- Medium-sized muscular arteries
- Polyarteritis nodosa is associated with which chronic viral infection in a significant subset of cases?
- Hepatitis B
- What histologic feature of polyarteritis nodosa reflects its episodic course?
- Lesions of different ages, acute and healing, within the same vessel, with fibrinoid necrosis
- Polyarteritis nodosa produces a '____' appearance on angiography due to multiple small aneurysms.
- string of pearls
- Which organ is classically spared in polyarteritis nodosa?
- The lungs