Classic pathology vocabulary and named signs/eponyms with a one-line definition each.
46 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- Apoptosis
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Programmed cell death characterized by cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, and fragmentation without inflammatory response.- Necrosis
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Pathological cell death caused by external injury, characterized by cell swelling, membrane rupture, and inflammation.- Autophagy
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Cellular self-digestion through sequestration of cytoplasm and organelles in membrane-bound autophagosomes.- Hypertrophy
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Increase in the size of individual cells, leading to enlarged organ or tissue mass.- Hyperplasia
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Increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue, usually due to increased demand or growth factor stimulation.- Atrophy
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Decrease in cell size and tissue mass, often due to disuse, denervation, or decreased blood supply.- Metaplasia
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Reversible replacement of one differentiated cell type with another mature cell type, usually in response to chronic irritation.- Dysplasia
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Disorderly growth of cells characterized by nuclear enlargement, increased mitotic activity, and loss of normal tissue architecture.- Anaplasia
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Loss of cellular differentiation in malignant tumors, with primitive appearance and high mitotic activity.- Steatosis
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Abnormal accumulation of fat (triglycerides) within cells, most commonly seen in the liver.- Fibrosis
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Excessive deposition of collagen in tissue, typically resulting from chronic inflammation or injury.- Cirrhosis
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End-stage liver disease characterized by widespread fibrosis, regenerative nodules, and loss of normal liver architecture.- Granuloma
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Collection of epithelioid macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, typically forming in response to persistent irritants or infections.- Abscess
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Localized collection of pus (dead neutrophils, bacteria, and cellular debris) within tissue.- Exudate
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Inflammatory fluid with high protein concentration (>2.5 g/dL) and many cells, indicating increased vascular permeability.
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