Placental development, umbilical cord structures, amnion and chorion, and twinning types tested on USMLE Step 1.
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- Which trophoblast layer is the inner, mononuclear, mitotically active layer?
- Cytotrophoblast
- Which trophoblast layer is the outer, invasive, multinucleated layer?
- Syncytiotrophoblast
- Which trophoblast layer secretes hCG?
- Syncytiotrophoblast
- The cytotrophoblast gives rise to which other trophoblast layer?
- Syncytiotrophoblast
- What is the maternal (decidual) component of the placenta called?
- Decidua basalis
- What is the decidua that covers the implanted conceptus, facing the uterine lumen, called?
- Decidua capsularis
- What is the decidua lining the rest of the uterine cavity, away from the implantation site, called?
- Decidua parietalis
- Fusion of the decidua capsularis with the decidua parietalis obliterates what space?
- The uterine cavity (uterine lumen)
- What is the villous portion of the chorion that forms the fetal part of the placenta called?
- Chorion frondosum
- What is the smooth, villus-free portion of the chorion called?
- Chorion laeve
- What villi anchor the placenta to the decidua basalis?
- Anchoring (cytotrophoblastic) villi
- The ____ carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.
- umbilical vein
- The ____ carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta.
- umbilical arteries
- What gelatinous connective tissue surrounds and protects the umbilical vessels?
- Wharton's jelly
- How many vessels does a normal umbilical cord contain?
- Three (two arteries and one vein)