FlashKeepers

Embryology · USMLE Step 1

USMLE Embryology: Fetal Circulation and Transition at Birth

Fetal circulation shunts (ductus arteriosus, ductus venosus, foramen ovale) and their closure at birth, as cloze cards with each structure defined.

29 cards · cloze cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.

Study this set free Look inside first Get FlashKeepers for iPhone
In fetal circulation, the ____ shunts blood from the umbilical vein directly into the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver.
ductus venosus
The ____ is an opening in the atrial septum that shunts oxygenated blood from the right atrium to the left atrium in the fetus.
foramen ovale
The ____ shunts blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the fetal lungs.
ductus arteriosus
The ____ carries oxygenated, nutrient rich blood from the placenta to the fetus.
umbilical vein
The fetus has ____ umbilical arteries that carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus back to the placenta.
two
After birth, the ductus venosus closes and becomes the fibrous remnant called the ____.
ligamentum venosum
After birth, the foramen ovale closes and its remnant is the ____, a depression in the interatrial septum.
fossa ovalis
After birth, the ductus arteriosus closes and its fibrous remnant is called the ____.
ligamentum arteriosum
After birth, the umbilical vein closes and becomes the ____, the round ligament of the liver.
ligamentum teres
After birth, the umbilical arteries mostly close and their remnants become the ____.
medial umbilical ligaments
The urachus, a remnant of the allantois, closes after birth to become the ____.
median umbilical ligament
Closure of the ductus arteriosus after birth is triggered mainly by a rise in blood ____ levels.
oxygen
Closure of the ductus arteriosus after birth is associated with a drop in circulating ____.
prostaglandin E2
The drug ____, a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, is used to pharmacologically close a patent ductus arteriosus.
indomethacin
____ is given to keep the ductus arteriosus open in neonates with ductal dependent congenital heart defects.
Prostaglandin E1

14 more cards in the app