Fetal circulation shunts (ductus arteriosus, ductus venosus, foramen ovale) and their closure at birth, as cloze cards with each structure defined.
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- In fetal circulation, the ____ shunts blood from the umbilical vein directly into the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver.
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ductus venosus- The ____ is an opening in the atrial septum that shunts oxygenated blood from the right atrium to the left atrium in the fetus.
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foramen ovale- The ____ shunts blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the fetal lungs.
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ductus arteriosus- The ____ carries oxygenated, nutrient rich blood from the placenta to the fetus.
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umbilical vein- The fetus has ____ umbilical arteries that carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus back to the placenta.
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two- After birth, the ductus venosus closes and becomes the fibrous remnant called the ____.
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ligamentum venosum- After birth, the foramen ovale closes and its remnant is the ____, a depression in the interatrial septum.
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fossa ovalis- After birth, the ductus arteriosus closes and its fibrous remnant is called the ____.
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ligamentum arteriosum- After birth, the umbilical vein closes and becomes the ____, the round ligament of the liver.
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ligamentum teres- After birth, the umbilical arteries mostly close and their remnants become the ____.
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medial umbilical ligaments- The urachus, a remnant of the allantois, closes after birth to become the ____.
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median umbilical ligament- Closure of the ductus arteriosus after birth is triggered mainly by a rise in blood ____ levels.
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oxygen- Closure of the ductus arteriosus after birth is associated with a drop in circulating ____.
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prostaglandin E2- The drug ____, a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, is used to pharmacologically close a patent ductus arteriosus.
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indomethacin- ____ is given to keep the ductus arteriosus open in neonates with ductal dependent congenital heart defects.
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Prostaglandin E1
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