Common veterinary drug classes, dosage safety, and restraint and handling concepts tested on the Veterinary Technician National Exam.
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- What is the primary mechanism of action for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)?
- Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, reducing prostaglandin synthesis
- Which class of antibiotics are bactericidal and include amoxicillin and ampicillin?
- Beta-lactams
- Aminoglycosides are effective against which type of bacteria?
- Gram-negative aerobic bacteria
- What is a major concern when using aminoglycoside antibiotics in veterinary medicine?
- Nephrotoxicity (kidney damage) and ototoxicity (hearing loss)
- Which sedative is commonly used in dogs and is a benzodiazepine?
- Diazepam
- Anticholinergic drugs block acetylcholine at which type of receptor?
- Muscarinic receptors
- What is the purpose of giving an anticholinergic such as atropine before anesthesia?
- To prevent excessive salivation and reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia
- Which injectable anesthetic agent is commonly used for induction in small animals and has dissociative properties?
- Ketamine
- Propofol is used for anesthetic induction; what is its primary route of administration?
- Intravenous
- What is the major advantage of isoflurane as a maintenance anesthetic?
- Rapid, smooth induction and recovery with minimal metabolism
- Which class of drugs is used to treat parasitic worm infections in animals?
- Anthelmintics
- Corticosteroids such as dexamethasone are primarily used for what therapeutic effect?
- Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects
- What is the formula for calculating drug dose in milligrams?
- Dose (mg) = Weight (kg) x Dose rate (mg/kg)
- Which route of drug administration provides the fastest onset of action?
- Intravenous
- What does ADME stand for in pharmacokinetics?
- Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion