Transcription, RNA processing, and translation machinery tested on USMLE Step 1.
About this set
38 basic cards for USMLE Step 1 Biochemistry. Set 3 of 3 in USMLE Molecular Biology. It opens with "Which eukaryotic RNA polymerase synthesizes ribosomal RNA (28S, 18S, and 5.8S)?" and "Which eukaryotic RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA and most snRNA?". Study it alongside the other USMLE Step 1 sets below.
38 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- Which eukaryotic RNA polymerase synthesizes ribosomal RNA (28S, 18S, and 5.8S)?
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RNA polymerase I- Which eukaryotic RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA and most snRNA?
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RNA polymerase II- Which eukaryotic RNA polymerase synthesizes tRNA and 5S ribosomal RNA?
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RNA polymerase III- Alpha-amanitin inhibits which RNA polymerase?
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RNA polymerase II- What mushroom is the source of the RNA polymerase II inhibitor alpha-amanitin?
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Amanita phalloides (the death cap mushroom)- What eukaryotic promoter element, located about 25 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site, helps position RNA polymerase II?
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TATA box- What upstream eukaryotic promoter element, located roughly 75 base pairs upstream of the start site, helps regulate transcription frequency?
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CAAT box- What chemical structure is added to the 5' end of eukaryotic pre-mRNA during processing?
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A 7-methylguanosine (m7G) cap- What enzyme adds the poly-A tail to the 3' end of pre-mRNA?
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Poly-A polymerase- What consensus sequence signals the site of cleavage and polyadenylation on pre-mRNA?
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AAUAAA- What structure removes introns from pre-mRNA?
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The spliceosome- What are the RNA-protein complexes that make up the spliceosome called?
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snRNPs (small nuclear ribonucleoproteins)- During pre-mRNA splicing, the ____ adenine attacks the 5' splice site to form a lariat intermediate.
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branch point- What two-nucleotide consensus sequence marks the 5' splice (donor) site of an intron?
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GU- What two-nucleotide consensus sequence marks the 3' splice (acceptor) site of an intron?
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AG
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