CBT, DBT, psychodynamic, and supportive psychotherapy indications and core techniques tested on USMLE Step 1.
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- Who founded cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)?
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Aaron Beck- What is the core premise of CBT?
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Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected, so changing distorted thoughts changes feelings and behaviors- What is a cognitive distortion?
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An irrational, biased pattern of thinking that reinforces negative emotions- What CBT technique involves identifying and challenging irrational thoughts?
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Cognitive restructuring- What are 'automatic thoughts' in CBT?
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Spontaneous, often negative thoughts that arise reflexively in response to a situation- What is Beck's cognitive triad in depression?
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A negative view of oneself, the world, and the future- What CBT technique treats depression by increasing engagement in rewarding activities?
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Behavioral activation- What technique treats phobias by pairing relaxation training with graded exposure to feared stimuli?
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Systematic desensitization- What technique is first-line for OCD, exposing patients to triggers while blocking the compulsive response?
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Exposure and response prevention (ERP)- What CBT-based technique is used to treat phobias, PTSD, OCD, and panic disorder by confronting feared stimuli?
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Exposure therapy- Is CBT typically time-limited and structured, or open-ended?
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Time-limited and structured- What CBT homework tool has patients record thoughts, emotions, and behaviors between sessions?
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A self-monitoring log or thought record- What conditions is CBT considered first-line psychotherapy for?
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Depression and anxiety disorders- Who founded dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)?
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Marsha Linehan- What is DBT's primary indication?
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Borderline personality disorder, especially with chronic suicidality or self-harm
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