Major depressive disorder and bipolar spectrum disorder diagnostic criteria and distinguishing features tested on USMLE Step 1.
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- Major depressive disorder requires a constellation of symptoms present for at least ____.
- 2 weeks
- How many of the nine DSM symptom categories (SIGECAPS plus depressed mood) must be present, at minimum, to diagnose MDD?
- 5 or more, and at least one must be depressed mood or anhedonia
- What does the SIGECAPS mnemonic list for major depressive disorder symptoms?
- Sleep change, Interest loss (anhedonia), Guilt/worthlessness, Energy loss, Concentration problems, Appetite change, Psychomotor change, Suicidal ideation (plus depressed mood)
- What is anhedonia?
- Loss of interest or pleasure in activities previously found enjoyable
- What is the minimum duration of depressive symptoms required to diagnose persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) in adults?
- 2 years
- In children and adolescents, what is the minimum duration required to diagnose persistent depressive disorder?
- 1 year
- What term describes a major depressive episode occurring on top of pre-existing persistent depressive disorder?
- Double depression
- A major depressive episode qualifies for the peripartum onset specifier if it occurs during pregnancy or within how many weeks after delivery?
- 4 weeks
- Postpartum blues typically peaks around day 3 to 5 and resolves by when?
- Within about 2 weeks after delivery
- Postpartum psychosis is a psychiatric emergency primarily because of increased risk of what?
- Harm to the infant or the mother (infanticide or suicide risk)
- What mood feature defines atypical depression?
- Mood reactivity (mood brightens in response to positive events)
- What sleep pattern is characteristic of atypical depression?
- Hypersomnia (sleeping excessively)
- What appetite change is characteristic of atypical depression?
- Hyperphagia with weight gain
- What term describes the heavy, leaden sensation in the limbs seen in atypical depression?
- Leaden paralysis
- What sleep disturbance is characteristic of melancholic depression?
- Early morning awakening (terminal insomnia)