Common poisonous plant, mushroom, and venomous animal envenomation presentations and initial management.
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- What toxic alkaloid is the main poison in poison hemlock (Conium maculatum)?
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Coniine- What is the usual cause of death in severe poison hemlock poisoning?
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Respiratory paralysis (the diaphragm stops working)- What toxic compound is found in water hemlock (Cicuta species)?
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Cicutoxin- What class of toxin does foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) contain?
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Cardiac glycosides- What visual disturbance is classically associated with digitalis (cardiac glycoside) toxicity?
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Yellow-green halos around lights (xanthopsia)- What class of toxin does oleander (Nerium oleander) contain?
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Cardiac glycosides, similar to digoxin- What is the antidote for severe, life-threatening cardiac glycoside toxicity?
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Digoxin immune Fab- What deadly toxin is found in castor bean (Ricinus communis) seeds?
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Ricin- At the cellular level, how does ricin cause cell death?
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It inhibits ribosomal protein synthesis- What toxic alkaloid is found in deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna)?
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Atropine- What toxidrome does jimsonweed (Datura stramonium) ingestion typically produce?
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Anticholinergic toxidrome- What cyanogenic compound is found in apple seeds and raw cassava?
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Amygdalin- What is the antidote of choice for cyanide poisoning?
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Hydroxocobalamin- At the cellular level, how does cyanide cause toxicity?
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It inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, blocking cellular respiration- What compound is responsible for the toxicity of rhubarb leaves?
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Oxalic acid
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