B cells, T cells, NK cells, and antigen presenting cells matched with their characteristic CD surface markers and functions tested on USMLE Step 1.
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- What surface marker is characteristic of essentially all mature T cells?
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CD3- What surface marker distinguishes helper T cells?
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CD4- What surface marker distinguishes cytotoxic T cells?
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CD8- What MHC class does CD4 interact with when a helper T cell recognizes antigen?
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MHC class II- What MHC class does CD8 interact with when a cytotoxic T cell recognizes antigen?
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MHC class I- What surface marker is a general marker for mature B cells?
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CD19 (and CD20)- What surface marker is used therapeutically as the target of rituximab on B cells?
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CD20- What surface marker characterizes natural killer (NK) cells?
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CD56- How do NK cells recognize and kill target cells that have lost MHC class I expression?
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Loss of inhibitory signaling normally provided by MHC class I removes the 'brake' on NK cell cytotoxic activity, so the NK cell kills the target- What surface marker on NK cells (and some other cells) binds the Fc portion of IgG to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity?
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CD16- What cell type is the most potent professional antigen presenting cell for activating naive T cells?
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The dendritic cell- What surface marker is commonly used to identify dendritic cells?
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CD11c (along with high MHC class II expression)- What are the three classic professional antigen presenting cell types?
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Dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells- What surface marker distinguishes macrophages and monocytes broadly?
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CD14- What co-stimulatory molecules on antigen presenting cells bind CD28 on T cells to provide the second signal for T cell activation?
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CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2)
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