B cells, T cells, NK cells, and antigen presenting cells matched with their characteristic CD surface markers and functions tested on USMLE Step 1.
35 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What surface marker is characteristic of essentially all mature T cells?
- CD3
- What surface marker distinguishes helper T cells?
- CD4
- What surface marker distinguishes cytotoxic T cells?
- CD8
- What MHC class does CD4 interact with when a helper T cell recognizes antigen?
- MHC class II
- What MHC class does CD8 interact with when a cytotoxic T cell recognizes antigen?
- MHC class I
- What surface marker is a general marker for mature B cells?
- CD19 (and CD20)
- What surface marker is used therapeutically as the target of rituximab on B cells?
- CD20
- What surface marker characterizes natural killer (NK) cells?
- CD56
- How do NK cells recognize and kill target cells that have lost MHC class I expression?
- Loss of inhibitory signaling normally provided by MHC class I removes the 'brake' on NK cell cytotoxic activity, so the NK cell kills the target
- What surface marker on NK cells (and some other cells) binds the Fc portion of IgG to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity?
- CD16
- What cell type is the most potent professional antigen presenting cell for activating naive T cells?
- The dendritic cell
- What surface marker is commonly used to identify dendritic cells?
- CD11c (along with high MHC class II expression)
- What are the three classic professional antigen presenting cell types?
- Dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells
- What surface marker distinguishes macrophages and monocytes broadly?
- CD14
- What co-stimulatory molecules on antigen presenting cells bind CD28 on T cells to provide the second signal for T cell activation?
- CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2)
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