A condensed rapid review pass over the highest yield innate and adaptive immunology facts for final week review.
35 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- The dominant leukocyte recruited during the first 24 to 48 hours of acute inflammation is the ____.
- neutrophil
- What is the main phagocytic cell that also presents antigen to T cells during a chronic immune response?
- Macrophage
- How does a natural killer (NK) cell recognize a virus-infected or tumor cell as a target?
- It detects the absence (downregulation) of MHC class I on the cell surface (missing self)
- What triggers activation of the classical complement pathway?
- Antibody (IgG or IgM) bound to antigen
- What triggers activation of the alternative complement pathway?
- Direct contact with a microbial cell surface, without antibody
- What molecule triggers the lectin complement pathway?
- Mannose-binding lectin binding to mannose residues on a microbial surface
- Which complement protein acts as the major opsonin, coating pathogens for phagocytosis?
- C3b
- Which complement protein is the most potent chemoattractant for neutrophils and also acts as an anaphylatoxin?
- C5a
- The complement proteins C5b through C9 assemble into the ____, which lyses target cells, especially gram-negative bacteria.
- membrane attack complex
- What family of innate immune receptors recognizes conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)?
- Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
- What cytokines are released by virus-infected cells to induce an antiviral state in neighboring uninfected cells?
- Type I interferons (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta)
- What triggers mast cells to degranulate and release histamine in an allergic reaction?
- Cross-linking of surface-bound IgE by antigen
- CD4
- Co-receptor on helper T cells that binds MHC class II
- CD8
- Co-receptor on cytotoxic T cells that binds MHC class I
- Which cells express MHC class I molecules?
- Nearly all nucleated cells