Antiemetics, proton pump inhibitors, and laxatives with their key nursing considerations and administration timing.
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- What drug class is ondansetron?
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A 5-HT3 receptor antagonist- Why should a baseline ECG be considered before giving ondansetron to at-risk patients?
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Ondansetron can cause QT interval prolongation- When is ondansetron typically given relative to chemotherapy?
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About 30 minutes before chemotherapy starts- What drug class is promethazine?
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A phenothiazine antihistamine antiemetic- What serious complication can occur if IV promethazine infiltrates or extravasates?
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Severe tissue damage or necrosis- How should IV promethazine be given to reduce the risk of injection site injury?
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Diluted and given slowly into a large, well-functioning vein- What is the mechanism of action of metoclopramide?
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Dopamine antagonist that increases GI motility and gastric emptying- Metoclopramide carries a black box warning for ____ with prolonged use.
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tardive dyskinesia- How long should metoclopramide use generally be limited to, per its black box warning?
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No longer than 12 weeks- How far in advance should a scopolamine patch be applied before travel or surgery?
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At least 4 hours before the effect is needed- Where on the body is a scopolamine transdermal patch applied?
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Behind the ear- What activity precaution applies to most antiemetics due to drowsiness?
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Avoid driving or hazardous activities until the drug's effects are known- What drug class do omeprazole and esomeprazole belong to?
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Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)- What is the mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors?
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They irreversibly block the H+/K+ ATPase pump in gastric parietal cells, reducing acid secretion- When should a PPI ideally be taken relative to meals?
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30 to 60 minutes before the first meal of the day
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