NSAIDs, muscle relaxants, DMARDs, and gout medications with their key nursing considerations and monitoring points.
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- What is the mechanism of action of NSAIDs?
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They inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, reducing prostaglandin synthesis.- Why should NSAIDs be taken with food or milk?
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To reduce the risk of GI irritation and upset stomach.- Which lab values should be monitored in a patient on long-term NSAID therapy?
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Renal function tests (BUN and creatinine).- What cardiovascular risk carries a black box warning for NSAIDs?
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Increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke.- Why should NSAIDs be avoided during the third trimester of pregnancy?
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They can cause premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus.- What type of NSAID is celecoxib?
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A selective COX-2 inhibitor.- Why does celecoxib carry a lower risk of GI bleeding than nonselective NSAIDs?
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It spares COX-1, which protects the gastric mucosa.- What is a key teaching point about combining NSAIDs with aspirin or anticoagulants?
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Avoid combining them due to increased bleeding risk.- What is cyclobenzaprine primarily used to treat?
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Acute, painful musculoskeletal muscle spasm.- What class of medication is cyclobenzaprine structurally related to?
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Tricyclic antidepressants.- What is the most common side effect of centrally acting muscle relaxants?
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Drowsiness and sedation.- What should patients be taught to avoid while taking a muscle relaxant?
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Alcohol and other CNS depressants.- What is baclofen's mechanism of action?
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It is a GABA agonist that inhibits spinal reflexes.- What condition is baclofen commonly used to treat?
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Spasticity from spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis.- What life-threatening condition is dantrolene used to treat?
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Malignant hyperthermia.
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