A condensed rapid review pass over the highest yield pediatrics facts for final week review.
40 cards · mixed cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What causes neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
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Surfactant deficiency- Neonatal jaundice appearing in the first 24 hours of life is always considered what?
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Pathologic (never physiologic)- What is the feared neurologic complication of severe untreated neonatal hyperbilirubinemia?
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Kernicterus- Pneumatosis intestinalis on abdominal X-ray in a premature infant is diagnostic of what condition?
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Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)- A newborn with a scaphoid abdomen and severe respiratory distress likely has what congenital defect?
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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia- Polyhydramnios plus inability to pass a nasogastric tube into the stomach suggests what neonatal diagnosis?
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Esophageal atresia (often with tracheoesophageal fistula)- Every US newborn is screened for ____ because early treatment prevents intellectual disability.
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congenital hypothyroidism- What vitamin is routinely given by injection to newborns to prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn?
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Vitamin K- A 'double bubble' sign on abdominal X-ray in a newborn is classic for what diagnosis?
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Duodenal atresia- Duodenal atresia is strongly associated with what chromosomal syndrome?
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Down syndrome (trisomy 21)- A 3 to 6 week old infant with projectile nonbilious vomiting and a palpable 'olive' mass in the abdomen has what condition?
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Pyloric stenosis- What acid-base and electrolyte pattern is classic for pyloric stenosis?
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Hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis- An infant with intermittent abdominal pain, 'currant jelly' stools, and a 'target sign' on ultrasound has what condition?
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Intussusception- A newborn who fails to pass meconium within 48 hours of birth should be evaluated for what condition?
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Hirschsprung disease- Hirschsprung disease results from the absence of what cell type in the distal bowel wall?
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Ganglion cells
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