Loop, thiazide, potassium-sparing, and osmotic diuretics with mechanism of action and one signature side effect per card.
37 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is the mechanism of action of loop diuretics?
- They inhibit the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter.
- In which part of the nephron do loop diuretics act?
- The thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle
- What is the signature side effect of loop diuretics involving hearing?
- Ototoxicity
- Name three loop diuretic drugs.
- Furosemide, bumetanide, and torsemide
- Which loop diuretic lacks a sulfa moiety and can be used in patients with sulfa allergy?
- Ethacrynic acid
- How do loop diuretics affect urinary calcium excretion?
- They increase calcium excretion, risking hypocalcemia
- What potassium disturbance do loop diuretics cause?
- Hypokalemia
- Why can loop diuretics precipitate gout attacks?
- They cause hyperuricemia by competing with uric acid for tubular secretion
- What is a major clinical use of loop diuretics in acute heart failure?
- Treating pulmonary edema
- Loop diuretics are used to treat which acute electrolyte emergency of excess serum calcium?
- Hypercalcemia
- Furosemide
- Loop diuretic
- What is the mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics?
- They inhibit the Na-Cl symporter
- In which part of the nephron do thiazide diuretics act?
- The distal convoluted tubule
- How do thiazide diuretics affect urinary calcium excretion?
- They decrease calcium excretion, causing hypercalcemia
- What is the first-line diuretic class for treating essential hypertension in many patients?
- Thiazide diuretics