Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke syndromes matched to the vascular territory and resulting deficits tested on USMLE Step 1.
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- Which artery occlusion causes contralateral leg and foot weakness/sensory loss greater than the arm or face?
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Anterior cerebral artery (ACA)- Which artery occlusion causes contralateral face and arm weakness greater than the leg?
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Middle cerebral artery (MCA)- A stroke in the dominant hemisphere MCA territory typically causes what language deficit?
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Aphasia- A stroke in the non-dominant (right) parietal lobe typically causes what deficit?
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Hemispatial (contralateral) neglect- Occlusion of which artery causes contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing?
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Posterior cerebral artery (PCA)- What type of small penetrating arteries are most commonly affected in lacunar strokes?
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Lenticulostriate arteries- A pure motor lacunar stroke most commonly occurs in which structure?
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Posterior limb of the internal capsule- Occlusion of the anterior choroidal artery classically causes what triad of deficits?
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Contralateral hemiplegia, hemianesthesia, and homonymous hemianopia- Occlusion of the basilar artery classically causes what syndrome?
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Locked-in syndrome- In locked-in syndrome, which functions are typically preserved?
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Consciousness and vertical eye movements/blinking- Occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) causes what named syndrome?
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Lateral medullary syndrome (Wallenberg syndrome)- In Wallenberg syndrome, damage to the nucleus ambiguus causes what deficits?
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Dysphagia, hoarseness, and dysarthria- In Wallenberg syndrome, damage to the spinal trigeminal nucleus causes what deficit?
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Ipsilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation on the face- In Wallenberg syndrome, damage to the spinothalamic tract causes what deficit?
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Contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation on the body- In Wallenberg syndrome, damage to descending sympathetic fibers causes what finding?
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Ipsilateral Horner syndrome
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