Ocular and auditory anatomy including extraocular muscles and middle/inner ear structures for USMLE Step 1.
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- Which cranial nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle?
- Cranial nerve VI (abducens)
- Which cranial nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle?
- Cranial nerve IV (trochlear)
- Besides the lateral rectus and superior oblique, which cranial nerve innervates every other extraocular muscle?
- Cranial nerve III (oculomotor)
- What is the primary action of the lateral rectus muscle?
- Abduction of the eye
- What is the primary action of the medial rectus muscle?
- Adduction of the eye
- In what position of gaze is the superior rectus best isolated for testing elevation?
- Abduction
- In what position of gaze is the inferior rectus best isolated for testing depression?
- Abduction
- In what position of gaze does the superior oblique best depress the eye?
- Adduction
- In what position of gaze does the inferior oblique best elevate the eye?
- Adduction
- Which cranial nerve has the longest intracranial course of any cranial nerve?
- Cranial nerve IV (trochlear nerve)
- Through what fibrous pulley does the superior oblique tendon pass?
- The trochlea
- A complete CN III palsy classically places the resting eye in what position?
- Down and out
- An isolated CN VI palsy causes what deviation of the affected eye?
- Medial deviation (esotropia), from unopposed medial rectus
- A patient with a CN IV palsy often tilts the head in which direction to compensate?
- Away from the side of the lesion
- Which cranial nerve innervates the levator palpebrae superioris?
- Cranial nerve III (oculomotor)