Cognitive communication deficits following traumatic brain injury and dementia and their assessment approaches tested on the Praxis SLP exam.
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- Cognitive-communication disorder refers to
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Difficulty with communication resulting from an underlying cognitive impairment, such as attention, memory, or executive function deficits- A common cause of acquired cognitive-communication disorder in adults
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI)- Diffuse axonal injury in traumatic brain injury results from
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Widespread shearing of axons due to rotational or acceleration-deceleration forces- The Rancho Los Amigos Scale is used to
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Describe and track a patient's cognitive recovery stages after traumatic brain injury- Post-traumatic amnesia refers to
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The period after a brain injury during which the patient cannot form new continuous memories- Executive function deficits after TBI commonly impair
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Planning, organization, problem-solving, and self-monitoring- Attention deficits after TBI can affect communication by
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Reducing the ability to sustain focus during conversation or filter out distractions- A hallmark communication feature of right hemisphere brain damage
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Difficulty with pragmatics, such as interpreting humor, sarcasm, and inferencing- Prosody deficits after right hemisphere damage can result in
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Flat or monotone speech, or difficulty interpreting emotional tone in others' speech- Left neglect refers to
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A failure to attend to or respond to stimuli on the left side, commonly seen after right hemisphere stroke- Dementia is best described as
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A progressive decline in cognitive function severe enough to interfere with daily functioning- Alzheimer disease is the most common cause of
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Dementia in older adults- Early communication changes in Alzheimer disease often involve
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Word-finding difficulty and reduced ability to follow complex conversation- Vascular dementia results from
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Cumulative brain damage from multiple strokes or chronic reduced blood flow- A stepwise pattern of cognitive decline is characteristic of
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Vascular dementia, as opposed to the gradual decline typical of Alzheimer disease
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