Electrical stimulation, ultrasound, and heat and cold therapy modality parameters, indications, and contraindications tested on the NPTAE.
39 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is the primary therapeutic effect of continuous ultrasound?
- A thermal (heating) effect on deep tissue.
- Between 1 MHz and 3 MHz, which ultrasound frequency penetrates deeper into tissue?
- 1 MHz.
- Which ultrasound frequency, 1 MHz or 3 MHz, is best for treating more superficial tissue?
- 3 MHz.
- What is the approximate treatment depth range of 1 MHz ultrasound?
- About 3 to 5 cm.
- What is the approximate treatment depth range of 3 MHz ultrasound?
- About 1 to 2 cm.
- In therapeutic ultrasound, what does the duty cycle describe?
- The percentage of time the sound wave is actively on during one treatment cycle.
- What duty cycle is typically used to produce nonthermal (mechanical) ultrasound effects?
- 20 percent or less.
- What does ERA stand for on an ultrasound transducer?
- Effective radiating area.
- What does BNR stand for in ultrasound equipment specifications?
- Beam nonuniformity ratio.
- What does a lower BNR value indicate about an ultrasound transducer?
- More uniform energy output and less risk of hot spots or discomfort.
- Therapeutic ultrasound should never be applied directly over the ____.
- eyes
- Is therapeutic ultrasound contraindicated over a pregnant uterus?
- Yes, it is an absolute contraindication.
- Why is ultrasound contraindicated over open epiphyseal (growth) plates in children?
- It may damage the growth plate and disrupt bone growth.
- Is therapeutic ultrasound contraindicated directly over a known malignant tumor?
- Yes.
- Why is ultrasound contraindicated over an implanted cardiac pacemaker?
- It may interfere with the electronic device.