Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation techniques and exercise tolerance monitoring within the physical therapist assistant scope of practice tested on the NPTAE.
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- What is the primary goal of cardiac rehabilitation?
- To improve cardiovascular function and reduce future cardiac events through supervised exercise, education, and risk factor modification
- What are the typical phases of cardiac rehabilitation?
- Phase I (inpatient), Phase II (outpatient monitored), and Phase III (maintenance/community-based)
- What scale is commonly used to monitor a patient's perceived exertion during cardiopulmonary rehab exercise?
- The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale
- What is the typical RPE range on the original 6-20 Borg scale recommended for safe exercise intensity in cardiac rehab?
- Approximately 11 to 14 (fairly light to somewhat hard)
- What formula estimates a person's age-predicted maximal heart rate?
- 220 minus age
- What is the target heart rate range typically used for moderate-intensity aerobic exercise?
- 40 to 59 percent of heart rate reserve (64 to 76 percent of maximal heart rate)
- What vital sign response should prompt a physical therapist assistant to stop an exercise session immediately?
- A drop in systolic blood pressure of 10 mmHg or more with increasing exercise intensity
- What is orthostatic (postural) hypotension?
- A drop in blood pressure when moving from lying or sitting to standing, causing dizziness or lightheadedness
- What chronic lung disease characterized by airflow limitation is a common focus of pulmonary rehabilitation?
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- What breathing technique teaches patients with COPD to slow their breathing rate and prevent airway collapse?
- Pursed-lip breathing
- What breathing technique emphasizes movement of the diaphragm rather than accessory muscles?
- Diaphragmatic breathing
- What airway clearance technique uses postural positioning and gravity to mobilize secretions from specific lung segments?
- Postural drainage
- What manual technique is often paired with postural drainage to loosen secretions in the lungs?
- Percussion (chest clapping)
- What device delivers positive expiratory pressure to help mobilize secretions in patients with chronic lung disease?
- An oscillating positive expiratory pressure (PEP) device, such as a flutter valve or Acapella
- What is the normal resting oxygen saturation (SpO2) range for a healthy adult?
- 95 to 100 percent
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