Common drugs in athletic populations, banned substance categories, asthma, diabetes, heat illness, skin infections and sudden cardiac arrest in athletes.
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- Short-acting beta-2 agonist used to prevent or treat exercise-induced bronchospasm
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Albuterol- Primary mechanism of action of NSAIDs
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Inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes- How does acetaminophen differ from NSAIDs in treating injuries?
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It relieves pain and fever but has no significant anti-inflammatory effect- Major risk of chronic or high-dose NSAID use
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GI ulcers and bleeding- First-line drug treatment for anaphylaxis
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Epinephrine- Common side effect of first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine
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Drowsiness/sedation- WADA banned substance category that includes testosterone and its derivatives
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Anabolic agents- What illicit use does EPO (erythropoietin) serve for endurance athletes?
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Increases red blood cell count to boost oxygen-carrying capacity- Why are diuretics banned in sport despite not being performance-enhancing themselves?
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They can mask other banned substances by diluting urine- Banned peptide hormone used illicitly for muscle growth and recovery
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Human growth hormone (hGH)- Banned substance category that increases alertness and heart rate, such as amphetamines
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Stimulants- Sport category where beta blockers are specifically banned for their steadying effect
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Precision sports such as archery and shooting- Definition of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB)
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Temporary airway narrowing triggered by physical exertion- Device used to measure how well air moves out of the lungs
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Peak flow meter- Recommended timing for using a short-acting bronchodilator before exercise to prevent EIB
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15 to 20 minutes before activity
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