Major antibiotic classes with their key nursing considerations, allergy cross-reactivity, and administration timing.
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- What severe allergic reaction is the primary concern with penicillin administration?
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Anaphylaxis- Why should cephalosporins be given cautiously to a patient with a penicillin allergy?
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Cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins can trigger an allergic reaction- Which common penicillin can be taken with food, unlike many other penicillins?
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Amoxicillin- What should patients avoid taking with tetracyclines because it reduces drug absorption?
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Dairy products, antacids, and iron supplements, since calcium and other cations bind the drug- Why are tetracyclines avoided in children under 8 and during pregnancy?
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They cause permanent tooth discoloration and affect bone growth- What skin precaution should patients on tetracyclines be taught?
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Use sunscreen and avoid excess sun exposure due to photosensitivity- Which lab values must be monitored to detect aminoglycoside-induced kidney damage?
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BUN and creatinine- What sensory function should be monitored during aminoglycoside therapy due to ototoxicity risk?
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Hearing and balance- Why are peak and trough levels drawn for aminoglycosides?
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They have a narrow therapeutic index, so levels must be monitored to avoid toxicity while ensuring effectiveness- How are aminoglycosides typically administered, and why?
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IV or IM, because they are poorly absorbed orally- Infusing vancomycin too rapidly can cause ____, a flushing reaction of the face, neck, and trunk.
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Red Man Syndrome- When should a vancomycin trough level be drawn?
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Immediately before the next scheduled dose- What musculoskeletal injury is a known risk with fluoroquinolone use?
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Tendon rupture, especially of the Achilles tendon- Why are fluoroquinolones generally avoided in children and pregnant patients?
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They can damage developing cartilage- What should patients avoid taking near the time of a fluoroquinolone dose?
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Dairy products, antacids, and calcium, iron, or zinc supplements
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