Withdrawal syndrome recognition and harm reduction concepts for the patient with substance use disorder, distinct from the general mental health deck.
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- How soon after the last drink can alcohol withdrawal symptoms begin?
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About 6 to 12 hours- What are early signs of mild alcohol withdrawal?
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Tremor, anxiety, sweating, and a fast heart rate- When is the risk of alcohol withdrawal seizures highest?
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24 to 48 hours after the last drink- When does alcohol withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens) typically begin?
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48 to 96 hours after the last drink- What are the hallmark signs of delirium tremens?
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Severe confusion, hallucinations, and marked autonomic instability- Why is delirium tremens considered a medical emergency?
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It can be fatal without prompt treatment- What does the CIWA-Ar tool assess?
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The severity of alcohol withdrawal symptoms- What is the first-line drug class for treating alcohol withdrawal?
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Benzodiazepines- The classic triad of Wernicke encephalopathy is confusion, ataxia, and ____.
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abnormal eye movements- In a patient with alcohol use disorder, which vitamin should be given before IV glucose?
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Thiamine- Compared to alcohol or benzodiazepine withdrawal, how dangerous is opioid withdrawal for a healthy adult?
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Very uncomfortable but rarely life-threatening- What are common symptoms of opioid withdrawal?
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Yawning, runny nose, goosebumps, muscle aches, and diarrhea- What does the COWS scale measure?
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The severity of opioid withdrawal symptoms- For a short-acting opioid like heroin, when do withdrawal symptoms typically start?
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About 6 to 12 hours after the last use- What is methadone used for in opioid use disorder?
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A long-acting full opioid agonist used for withdrawal management and maintenance treatment
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