Identity formation, personality theories, disorder categories, and biological bases of nervous system disorders.
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- What is identity achievement according to Marcia's identity statuses?
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A state in which an individual has explored options and committed to a personal identity- What is identity diffusion (confusion) in Erikson's psychosocial development?
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The adolescent stage challenge of finding a coherent sense of self versus remaining confused about one's role- Define moratorium in Marcia's identity status framework.
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A state of active exploration without yet committing to an identity- What does social identity theory explain?
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How individuals gain part of their self-concept from group membership and in-group/out-group biases- What are acculturation strategies when a minority group adopts a dominant culture's values?
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Integration, assimilation, separation, and marginalization- Distinguish self-concept from self-esteem.
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Self-concept is what you believe about yourself; self-esteem is how you value yourself- What are the Big Five personality traits?
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Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism- In Freud's theory, the ____ operates on the pleasure principle.
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id- What is the superego in Freudian theory?
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The internalized moral conscience that enforces societal rules and produces guilt- Name three of Freud's ego defense mechanisms.
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Repression, denial, projection, rationalization, sublimation, displacement (any three)- What are Jung's archetypes?
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Universal, primordial symbols and characters in the collective unconscious that shape personality- Define self-actualization in humanistic psychology.
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The drive to realize one's full potential and become the best version of oneself- What is reciprocal determinism in Bandura's social-cognitive theory?
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The idea that personality arises from the interaction of personal factors, environment, and behavior- What is self-efficacy?
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An individual's belief in their ability to succeed at a specific task- Distinguish temperament from personality.
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Temperament is inborn, biologically-based emotional reactivity; personality is the broader set of traits shaped by experience
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