Demographic transition, migration, social class, health disparities, and Foundational Concept 10 material.
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- Stage 1 of demographic transition
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High birth and death rates, slow population growth- Stage 2 of demographic transition
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Death rates fall, birth rates stay high, rapid population growth- Stage 3 of demographic transition
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Birth rates decline, death rates stay low, population growth slows- Stage 4 of demographic transition
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Both birth and death rates are low, population stable- Demographic dividend
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Period of rapid economic growth when working-age population is larger than dependent population- Crude birth rate
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Number of live births per 1,000 population per year- Crude death rate
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Number of deaths per 1,000 population per year- Total fertility rate (TFR)
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Average number of children a woman is expected to have in her lifetime- Natural increase rate
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Crude birth rate minus crude death rate, expressed per 1,000 or percentage- Dependency ratio
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Ratio of dependent population (young and elderly) to working-age population- Push factors in migration
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Conditions motivating people to leave an area, such as poverty, war, persecution, or poor conditions- Pull factors in migration
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Conditions that attract people to a new area, such as economic opportunity, safety, or quality of life- Voluntary migration
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Movement initiated by an individual's own choice to improve circumstances- Forced migration
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Movement due to coercion or inability to stay, such as war, slavery, or natural disaster- Internal migration
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Movement of people within a country's borders
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