Biochemical pathways, enzymes, and metabolism concepts relevant to the MCAT biological sciences section. Front: the term or pathway. Back: a plain-language definition or function.
40 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is the net ATP yield from glycolysis per glucose molecule (substrate-level phosphorylation only)?
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2 ATP- Where in the cell does glycolysis take place?
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The cytoplasm (cytosol)- What is the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis?
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Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)- Which enzyme complex converts pyruvate into acetyl-CoA?
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Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex- Where is the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex located?
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The mitochondrial matrix- What is another name for the citric acid cycle?
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The Krebs cycle (also called the TCA cycle)- Where does the citric acid cycle take place?
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The mitochondrial matrix- How many NADH molecules are produced per acetyl-CoA that enters the citric acid cycle?
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3 NADH- What is the rate-limiting enzyme of the citric acid cycle?
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Isocitrate dehydrogenase- Where is the electron transport chain located?
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The inner mitochondrial membrane- What is the final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain?
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Oxygen- By what mechanism does ATP synthase generate ATP?
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Chemiosmosis, using the flow of protons down their electrochemical gradient- What reaction does Complex IV of the electron transport chain catalyze?
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Reduction of oxygen to water- Approximately how much total ATP does complete aerobic oxidation of one glucose molecule yield?
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About 30 to 32 ATP- What is gluconeogenesis?
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The synthesis of new glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors such as lactate, glycerol, and amino acids
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