Limiting reagent calculations, molarity and molality, and colligative properties tested on the MCAT.
40 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is a limiting reagent?
Show answer
The reactant that is fully consumed first, limiting how much product can form.- What is an excess reagent?
Show answer
A reactant that remains partially unreacted after the limiting reagent is used up.- What is theoretical yield?
Show answer
The maximum amount of product predicted from the limiting reagent using stoichiometry.- What is actual yield?
Show answer
The amount of product actually obtained from an experiment or reaction.- Percent yield is calculated as ____.
Show answer
(actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100%- In a limiting reagent problem, what is the first step after writing a balanced equation?
Show answer
Convert the mass (or volume) of each reactant into moles.- How do you identify the limiting reagent once the moles of each reactant are known?
Show answer
Divide each reactant's moles by its stoichiometric coefficient; the smallest result identifies the limiting reagent.- Where do the mole ratios used in a stoichiometry calculation come from?
Show answer
The coefficients of the balanced chemical equation.- What is Avogadro's number?
Show answer
6.022 x 10^23 particles per mole.- What is molar mass?
Show answer
The mass in grams of one mole of a substance.- What is an empirical formula?
Show answer
The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound.- What is a molecular formula?
Show answer
The actual number of atoms of each element in one molecule of a compound.- How is a molecular formula related to its empirical formula?
Show answer
The molecular formula equals the empirical formula multiplied by a whole number n.- What is percent composition by mass?
Show answer
The mass of one element divided by the total mass of the compound, times 100%.- What law guarantees that the mass of reactants equals the mass of products?
Show answer
The law of conservation of mass.
FlashKeepers