Titration technique, significant figures, and common lab safety and measurement practices for pre-health lab courses.
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- What is the substance of unknown concentration in a titration called?
- The analyte.
- What is the solution of known concentration used to titrate an analyte called?
- The titrant (standard solution).
- What is the equivalence point in a titration?
- The point where moles of titrant equal moles of analyte, stoichiometrically.
- What is the endpoint of a titration?
- The point where the indicator changes color, signaling the reaction is complete.
- Why can the endpoint differ slightly from the true equivalence point?
- The indicator changes color slightly before or after the exact equivalence point.
- What piece of glassware delivers precisely measured, variable volumes of titrant?
- A burette.
- To what precision can a standard burette typically be read?
- To the nearest 0.01 mL.
- Why should a burette be rinsed with titrant before filling it for use?
- To prevent the titrant from being diluted by residual water in the burette.
- Why should the flask be swirled continuously during titrant addition?
- To ensure the titrant mixes evenly and reacts completely with the analyte.
- How is the volume of titrant delivered in a titration calculated?
- By subtracting the initial burette reading from the final burette reading.
- At eye level, where should the meniscus of a clear aqueous solution be read?
- At the bottom of the curved liquid surface.
- What common acid-base indicator turns from colorless to pink near pH 8 to 10?
- Phenolphthalein.
- Why is a volumetric flask used to prepare a standard solution instead of a beaker?
- A volumetric flask measures one precise volume far more accurately than a beaker.
- Are all nonzero digits in a measurement significant?
- Yes.
- Are zeros between two nonzero digits significant?
- Yes, they are always significant.