Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis acid-base theory, pH and pOH calculations, and buffer system concepts tested on the MCAT.
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- What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid?
- A proton (H+) donor
- What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of a base?
- A proton (H+) acceptor
- What is the Lewis definition of an acid?
- An electron pair acceptor
- What is the Lewis definition of a base?
- An electron pair donor
- What is the formula relating pH to hydrogen ion concentration?
- pH = -log[H+]
- What is the formula relating pOH to hydroxide ion concentration?
- pOH = -log[OH-]
- What is the relationship between pH and pOH at 25 degrees Celsius?
- pH + pOH = 14
- What is the value of Kw, the ion product of water, at 25 degrees Celsius?
- 1.0 x 10^-14
- What is a conjugate base?
- The species formed after an acid donates a proton
- What is a conjugate acid?
- The species formed after a base accepts a proton
- Name a common strong acid used in general chemistry problems.
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- Name a common strong base used in general chemistry problems.
- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
- What does the equilibrium constant Ka describe?
- The strength of a weak acid, based on its degree of dissociation in water
- What does the equilibrium constant Kb describe?
- The strength of a weak base, based on its degree of dissociation in water
- What is the relationship between Ka and Kb for a conjugate acid-base pair?
- Ka x Kb = Kw
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