Industrialization, economic development models, and globalization as tested on AP Human Geography.
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- What are Rostow's five stages of economic growth?
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Traditional society, preconditions for takeoff, takeoff, drive to maturity, high mass consumption.- What is the primary sector of an economy?
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Economic activities that extract or harvest products directly from the earth, such as agriculture, mining, and fishing.- What is the secondary sector of an economy?
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Economic activities that transform raw materials into finished or semi-finished goods, such as manufacturing and construction.- What is the tertiary sector of an economy?
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Economic activities that provide services to consumers and businesses, such as retail, healthcare, and transportation.- What is the quaternary sector of an economy?
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Economic activities centered on information and knowledge, such as research, education, and technology services.- What does dependency theory argue about global inequality?
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Poorer nations are exploited by wealthier nations and kept in a dependent relationship that prevents their independent development.- Who developed world-systems theory and what are its three components?
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Immanuel Wallerstein. The three components are core countries, periphery countries, and semi-periphery countries.- What are core countries in world-systems theory?
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Wealthy, industrialized nations that dominate the global economy and exploit peripheral countries.- What are periphery countries in world-systems theory?
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Poor, less-developed nations whose resources and labor are exploited by core countries.- What are semi-periphery countries in world-systems theory?
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Middle-income countries that are partly industrialized and mediate between the core and periphery.- What is the core-periphery model in geography?
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A spatial relationship where a prosperous, developed core region dominates economically dependent peripheral regions.- What is Fordism in manufacturing?
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An industrial production system using assembly-line mass production and standardized products, pioneered by Henry Ford.- What is post-Fordism?
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A production system emphasizing flexible manufacturing, customized products, and rapid response to market changes.- What is comparative advantage in international trade?
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A country benefits by specializing in producing goods where it has the lowest opportunity cost, even if it is not the most efficient producer.- What is outsourcing in the context of economic development?
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When companies contract production or services to external firms, often in other countries with lower labor costs.
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