Special draw procedures including blood cultures, glucose tolerance tests, and therapeutic drug monitoring, tested on phlebotomy certification exams.
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- How many blood culture bottles should be collected for a standard set?
- Two bottles (one aerobic, one anaerobic), unless specific protocols require more
- What is the proper inoculation ratio of blood to culture media?
- 1:5 to 1:10 (one part blood to five to ten parts media)
- What skin preparation is required before collecting blood cultures?
- Clean with 70% alcohol or chlorhexidine, allow to air dry completely without blotting
- What is the minimum time interval between two separate blood culture collections?
- At least one minute between venipunctures
- Can blood cultures be collected from intravenous lines older than 48 hours?
- Not recommended; use new venipuncture or newly inserted line
- How many fasting samples are collected for a glucose tolerance test?
- One fasting sample before glucose administration
- At what time points are samples collected during a standard 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test?
- Fasting, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes after glucose load
- What is the required fasting period before a glucose tolerance test?
- At least 8 to 10 hours (overnight fast)
- How much glucose solution is given during an oral glucose tolerance test?
- 75 grams of glucose dissolved in water
- Why is collection timing critical for therapeutic drug monitoring?
- To ensure the level reflects peak (maximum) or trough (minimum) concentration for accurate dosing
- What type of tube is used for therapeutic drug monitoring?
- Red-top serum separator (SST) or gold-top tube
- Name three drugs commonly monitored via therapeutic drug monitoring.
- Digoxin, lithium, phenytoin, vancomycin, or gentamicin
- What special handling is required for cold agglutinin specimens?
- Keep at 37 degrees Celsius (body temperature) during collection and transport
- What special handling is required for cryoglobulin specimens?
- Keep at 37 degrees Celsius; allow to clot at body temperature before separation
- What tube is required for lactic acid collection?
- Gray-top (sodium fluoride) tube or as specified by laboratory
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