Ocular emergency presentations, including chemical burns, foreign bodies, and acute angle-closure glaucoma, tested on the NBEO.
30 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is the first step in managing a chemical eye burn?
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Immediate and copious irrigation of the eye with saline or water for at least 15 to 30 minutes- Which type of chemical burn to the eye generally causes more severe and penetrating damage, acid or alkali?
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Alkali burns, because they cause liquefactive necrosis that penetrates deeper into ocular tissue- What type of necrosis do acid burns typically cause, limiting their depth of penetration?
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Coagulative necrosis, which forms a barrier that limits further penetration- What is a corneal abrasion?
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A superficial defect in the corneal epithelium, often caused by trauma or a foreign body- What stain is used to help visualize a corneal abrasion?
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Fluorescein stain under cobalt blue light- What is a hyphema?
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Blood accumulation in the anterior chamber of the eye, usually from blunt trauma- What activity restriction is commonly recommended for a patient with a traumatic hyphema?
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Limiting physical activity and avoiding blood thinners to reduce the risk of rebleeding- What is an open globe injury?
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A full-thickness injury to the cornea or sclera that breaches the integrity of the eyeball- What should NOT be done when an open globe injury is suspected?
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Applying pressure to the eye or attempting to remove a penetrating object- What is the appropriate immediate protection for a suspected open globe injury before transport for surgical repair?
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A rigid eye shield without pressure on the globe- What is a blowout fracture of the orbit?
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A fracture of the orbital floor or medial wall caused by blunt trauma, often with entrapment of orbital tissue- What eye movement finding is classic for an orbital floor fracture with muscle entrapment?
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Restricted upward gaze due to entrapment of the inferior rectus muscle- What is traumatic iritis?
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Inflammation of the iris following blunt ocular trauma, presenting with pain, photophobia, and cells in the anterior chamber- What is angle recession glaucoma?
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A delayed form of glaucoma that can develop months to years after blunt ocular trauma damages the anterior chamber angle- What is the classic presentation of acute angle-closure glaucoma?
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Severe eye pain, blurred vision, halos around lights, nausea, and a red eye with a fixed, mid-dilated pupil
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