Latin Level 3, Unit 4: Reading Latin Prose. Core vocabulary, forms, and short example sentences for this unit. Front: the Latin word or form. Back: English meaning (brief grammatical note in parentheses where useful, e.g. case or conjugation).
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- What Roman general and statesman wrote firsthand commentaries on his military campaigns in Gaul?
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Julius Caesar- Commentarii de Bello Gallico
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Caesar's Commentaries on the Gallic War- What is notable about Caesar's prose style, often used to introduce Latin students to unadapted prose?
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It is clear, direct, and relatively simple compared to more ornate authors- What famous opening line begins Caesar's Gallic War commentaries, describing Gaul's three parts?
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Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres- What Roman statesman and orator is famous for his speeches against Catiline?
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Cicero- Quo usque tandem abutere, Catilina, patientia nostra?
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How long will you abuse our patience, Catiline? (the opening of Cicero's First Catilinarian)- What is notable about Cicero's prose style, in contrast to Caesar's plain style?
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It is elaborate, rhetorical, and known for long, balanced periodic sentences- What Roman historian wrote a comprehensive history of Rome from its founding, known as Ab Urbe Condita?
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Livy (Livius)- What Roman historian wrote critically about the early Roman Empire, including the reigns of Tiberius and Nero?
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Tacitus- What is notable about Tacitus's prose style?
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It is terse, compressed, and often ironic or morally pointed- What Roman biographer wrote the Twelve Caesars, profiling the lives of early emperors?
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Suetonius- What Roman historian, writing in Greek but about Roman history, chronicled Rome's rise as a Mediterranean power?
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Polybius (a Greek writing about Rome)- What Roman naturalist wrote the encyclopedic Natural History, covering science and the natural world?
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Pliny the Elder- What Roman writer, nephew of Pliny the Elder, is known for his personal letters, including an account of Vesuvius's eruption?
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Pliny the Younger- What term describes translating a Latin prose passage word for word, before adjusting to natural English?
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A literal (word-for-word) translation
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