Latin Level 3, Unit 3: Reading Latin Poetry. Core vocabulary, forms, and short example sentences for this unit. Front: the Latin word or form. Back: English meaning (brief grammatical note in parentheses where useful, e.g. case or conjugation).
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- What Roman poet wrote the epic Aeneid, telling the legendary founding story of Rome?
- Virgil (Vergilius)
- Arma virumque cano
- I sing of arms and the man (the opening line of the Aeneid)
- What meter is used throughout Virgil's Aeneid, a standard for Latin epic poetry?
- Dactylic hexameter
- What Roman poet wrote love poetry and the mythological epic Metamorphoses?
- Ovid (Ovidius)
- What Roman poet is known for short, personal lyric poems, including some addressed to a woman named Lesbia?
- Catullus
- Odi et amo
- I hate and I love (a famous line by Catullus)
- What Roman poet wrote philosophical odes and lyric poetry, including the famous phrase 'carpe diem'?
- Horace (Horatius)
- Carpe diem
- Seize the day (a famous phrase from Horace)
- What term describes the rhythmic pattern of long and short syllables in Latin poetry?
- Meter
- What basic metrical unit, a long-short-short or long-long pattern, structures dactylic hexameter?
- The dactyl and the spondee
- What term describes a pause or break within a line of Latin verse, important for reading poetry aloud?
- A caesura
- What poetic device repeats the same consonant sound at the beginning of nearby words, such as 'multa munera'?
- Alliteration
- What poetic device describes vowel sounds echoing across nearby words?
- Assonance
- What literary technique places words out of normal prose order for emphasis or meter, very common in Latin poetry?
- Hyperbaton (word order inversion)
- What poetic device gives human qualities to non-human things, such as calling the sea 'angry'?
- Personification
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