Homeobox genes, developmental signaling pathways, and gene mutations that alter embryonic development.
30 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is the basic premise underlying developmental genetics?
- Development is driven by differential gene expression rather than differences in the DNA content of cells
- What DNA sequence found in many developmental control genes encodes a protein domain that binds DNA to regulate transcription?
- The homeobox
- What protein domain is encoded by the homeobox sequence?
- The homeodomain
- What family of homeobox-containing genes controls the anterior-posterior body plan across many animal species?
- Hox genes
- What term describes the phenomenon where the order of Hox genes along the chromosome matches the order of body segments they regulate along the body axis?
- Colinearity
- Are Hox gene clusters and their body-patterning function highly conserved across distantly related animal species?
- Yes, Hox genes and their general function are remarkably conserved from insects to mammals
- What term describes a homeotic mutation in fruit flies that causes legs to grow in place of antennae?
- The Antennapedia mutation
- What term describes a classic Drosophila homeotic mutation that produces an extra pair of wings?
- The bithorax mutation
- What term describes a diffusible signaling molecule whose concentration gradient provides positional information to developing cells?
- A morphogen
- What classic Drosophila maternal effect gene product forms an anterior-to-posterior concentration gradient that establishes the embryo's head-to-tail axis?
- Bicoid protein
- What theoretical model describes how cells interpret different morphogen concentration thresholds to adopt different fates, illustrated with colored zones?
- The French flag model
- What class of genes are expressed maternally and deposited in the egg before fertilization to establish initial polarity in the embryo?
- Maternal effect genes
- What class of zygotic genes divides the fruit fly embryo into broad regions along the anterior-posterior axis, acting after maternal genes?
- Gap genes
- What class of segmentation genes divides the fly embryo into a repeating pattern of segments, roughly every other segment?
- Pair-rule genes
- What class of segmentation genes establishes the anterior-posterior pattern within each individual segment?
- Segment polarity genes
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