Autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked, and mitochondrial inheritance patterns with a representative disorder for each.
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- What is a gene?
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A segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait or protein.- What is an allele?
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An alternative version of a gene.- What is a genotype?
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The genetic makeup of an organism for a given trait.- What is a phenotype?
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The observable physical or biochemical traits of an organism.- What does it mean for an organism to be homozygous for a gene?
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It has two identical alleles for that gene.- What does it mean for an organism to be heterozygous for a gene?
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It has two different alleles for that gene.- In a pedigree chart, what shape represents a male individual?
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A square.- In a pedigree chart, what shape represents a female individual?
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A circle.- In a pedigree chart, what does a filled-in (shaded) symbol usually mean?
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The individual is affected by the trait or disorder being tracked.- How many copies of the mutant allele are needed to express an autosomal dominant trait?
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Just one copy.- In autosomal dominant inheritance, does an affected child usually have at least one affected parent?
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Yes, in nearly all cases.- Does an autosomal dominant trait typically skip a generation?
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No, it typically appears in every generation.- If one parent is heterozygous (Aa) and the other is unaffected (aa) for an autosomal dominant trait, ____ of their offspring are expected to be affected.
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50 percent- Which autosomal dominant disorder causes progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain?
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Huntington's disease.- Symptoms of Huntington's disease typically begin during which stage of life?
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Mid-adulthood (around the 30s to 40s).
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