Plant structure, photosynthesis, and reproduction fundamentals for general biology audiences.
31 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is the primary function of a chloroplast?
- To conduct photosynthesis and convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose
- Name the two main stages of photosynthesis.
- Light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions)
- What are the reactants needed for photosynthesis?
- Carbon dioxide and water
- What are the main products of photosynthesis?
- Glucose and oxygen
- Where do light-dependent reactions occur in the chloroplast?
- In the thylakoid membranes (or grana)
- Where does the Calvin cycle take place in the chloroplast?
- In the stroma
- What pigment absorbs light energy during photosynthesis?
- Chlorophyll
- What are root hair cells and what do they do?
- Thin extensions of root cells that greatly increase surface area for water and mineral absorption
- What tissue transports water and minerals upward from the roots?
- Xylem
- What tissue transports sugars downward from the leaves?
- Phloem
- What is the epidermis in a leaf?
- The outermost protective layer of cells on the upper and lower leaf surfaces
- What is the mesophyll in a leaf and what does it contain?
- The photosynthetic tissue in the middle of the leaf that contains chloroplasts
- What are stomata in a leaf?
- Tiny pores on the leaf surface that allow gas exchange between the leaf and the atmosphere
- What are guard cells and how do they work?
- Paired cells surrounding each stoma that open and close to regulate gas exchange and water loss
- What is transpiration?
- The loss of water vapor from leaves and stems through stomata