Plant structure, photosynthesis, and reproduction fundamentals for general biology audiences.
31 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is the primary function of a chloroplast?
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To conduct photosynthesis and convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose- Name the two main stages of photosynthesis.
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Light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions)- What are the reactants needed for photosynthesis?
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Carbon dioxide and water- What are the main products of photosynthesis?
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Glucose and oxygen- Where do light-dependent reactions occur in the chloroplast?
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In the thylakoid membranes (or grana)- Where does the Calvin cycle take place in the chloroplast?
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In the stroma- What pigment absorbs light energy during photosynthesis?
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Chlorophyll- What are root hair cells and what do they do?
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Thin extensions of root cells that greatly increase surface area for water and mineral absorption- What tissue transports water and minerals upward from the roots?
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Xylem- What tissue transports sugars downward from the leaves?
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Phloem- What is the epidermis in a leaf?
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The outermost protective layer of cells on the upper and lower leaf surfaces- What is the mesophyll in a leaf and what does it contain?
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The photosynthetic tissue in the middle of the leaf that contains chloroplasts- What are stomata in a leaf?
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Tiny pores on the leaf surface that allow gas exchange between the leaf and the atmosphere- What are guard cells and how do they work?
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Paired cells surrounding each stoma that open and close to regulate gas exchange and water loss- What is transpiration?
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The loss of water vapor from leaves and stems through stomata
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