The historical waves of the feminist movement and the core goals and events of each.
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- What years did the first wave of feminism span?
- Approximately 1840s to 1920s
- What was the primary political goal of first-wave feminism?
- Women's right to vote (suffrage)
- At what event did the first-wave feminist movement formally begin in 1848?
- The Seneca Falls Convention in upstate New York
- Who was Elizabeth Cady Stanton?
- A leading first-wave feminist who organized the Seneca Falls Convention and advocated for suffrage and property rights
- What was Susan B. Anthony's main contribution to first-wave feminism?
- She fought for women's voting rights and co-founded the National Woman Suffrage Association
- Which constitutional amendment granted women the right to vote?
- The 19th Amendment, ratified in 1920
- Beyond voting, what other legal issues did first-wave feminists address?
- Women's property rights, access to education, and legal protections within marriage
- Who was Lucy Stone and what did she advocate for?
- A first-wave feminist who fought for suffrage and kept her maiden name after marriage as a protest against women's legal invisibility
- What years define the second wave of feminism?
- Approximately 1960s to 1980s
- What book by Betty Friedan launched the second wave of feminism?
- The Feminine Mystique (1963), which critiqued the idea that women's fulfillment came only through motherhood and homemaking
- How did the goals of second-wave feminism differ from first-wave goals?
- Second-wave focused on broader equality in employment, education, family law, and reproductive rights beyond just voting
- Who was Gloria Steinem?
- A prominent second-wave activist and journalist who co-founded Ms. Magazine and advocated for reproductive freedom and workplace equality
- What did Title IX (1972) accomplish for second-wave feminism?
- It prohibited sex discrimination in education, opening athletic programs and educational opportunities for girls and women
- What was the significance of Roe v. Wade (1973)?
- It legalized abortion nationwide, advancing second-wave goals of reproductive freedom and women's bodily autonomy
- How did Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 support second-wave feminism?
- It banned sex discrimination in employment, giving women a legal tool to challenge workplace discrimination and unequal pay
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