Professional ethics, scope of practice, and dental jurisprudence concepts tested on dental hygiene national board exams.
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- Autonomy
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The ethical principle that a patient has the right to self-determination and to make informed choices about their own care.- Beneficence
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The ethical principle of acting in ways that promote the patient's well-being and best interest.- Nonmaleficence
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The ethical principle of avoiding harm to the patient, often summarized as first, do no harm.- Justice (as an ethical principle)
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The obligation to treat patients fairly and distribute care and resources equitably.- Veracity
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The ethical principle of being truthful and honest with patients.- Fidelity
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The ethical principle of keeping promises and being loyal to commitments made to patients.- Paternalism
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Making decisions for a patient based on what the provider believes is best, overriding the patient's own wishes.- Informed consent
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A patient's voluntary agreement to treatment after being given enough information to make a knowledgeable decision.- What information must be disclosed for consent to be valid?
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The diagnosis, proposed treatment, risks, benefits, and alternatives, including the option of no treatment.- Voluntariness (element of informed consent)
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The patient's decision must be given freely, without coercion or undue pressure.- Capacity (element of informed consent)
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The patient must be mentally competent to understand information and make a decision.- Comprehension (element of informed consent)
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The patient must actually understand the information disclosed about the proposed treatment.- Implied consent
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Consent inferred from a patient's actions or the circumstances, such as opening the mouth for an exam, rather than stated explicitly.- Informed refusal
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A patient's documented decision to decline recommended treatment after being informed of the risks of not proceeding.- Standard of care
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The level of care and skill that a reasonably prudent practitioner with similar training would provide under similar circumstances.
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