Stages of periodontal disease, scaling and root planing concepts, and periodontal charting terminology.
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- What is gingivitis?
- Inflammation of the gingiva without loss of attachment or supporting bone.
- What is periodontitis?
- An inflammatory disease causing loss of connective tissue attachment and alveolar bone support.
- Is gingivitis reversible or irreversible?
- Reversible with proper oral hygiene and professional cleaning.
- What is the primary cause of plaque-induced gingivitis?
- Bacterial plaque biofilm accumulation on tooth surfaces.
- Unlike gingivitis, periodontitis involves ____ loss of attachment and bone.
- irreversible
- What CAL (clinical attachment loss) range defines Stage I periodontitis?
- 1 to 2 mm.
- What CAL range defines Stage II periodontitis?
- 3 to 4 mm.
- What distinguishes Stage IV from Stage III periodontitis?
- Stage IV involves potential loss of five or more teeth and risk of losing the entire dentition.
- In the periodontitis staging and grading system, what does the grade (A, B, or C) indicate?
- The rate of disease progression and associated risk factors.
- Necrotizing periodontal disease is characterized by ____ papillae, pain, and halitosis.
- punched-out
- What local factor commonly contributes to periodontal disease progression?
- Calculus, hardened plaque, on tooth surfaces.
- What is a major modifiable systemic risk factor for periodontitis?
- Smoking (tobacco use).
- What systemic disease is strongly linked to increased periodontitis severity?
- Diabetes mellitus.
- What is scaling in periodontal therapy?
- Removal of plaque and calculus deposits from tooth surfaces.
- What is root planing?
- Smoothing of the root surface to remove residual calculus and altered cementum.