Concussion signs and symptoms, sideline assessment tools, and graduated return-to-play protocol steps.
30 cards · basic cards · AI-written, checked twice. Edit anything.
- What is a concussion, in general medical terms?
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A traumatic brain injury induced by biomechanical forces that causes a transient disturbance in neurological function- Is loss of consciousness required to diagnose a concussion?
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No, most concussions occur without any loss of consciousness- What are the four general symptom categories used to describe concussion symptoms?
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Somatic (physical), cognitive, emotional, and sleep-related symptoms- Name two common somatic symptoms of concussion.
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Headache and dizziness (nausea, sensitivity to light or noise, or balance problems are also acceptable)- Name two common cognitive symptoms of concussion.
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Difficulty concentrating and feeling mentally foggy or slowed down- What is retrograde amnesia?
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Loss of memory for events that occurred before the injury- What is anterograde amnesia?
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Difficulty forming new memories for events occurring after the injury- What is the purpose of baseline neurocognitive testing before a sports season?
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To establish a pre-injury reference point for comparison if a concussion later occurs- Name a widely used computerized neurocognitive testing program used in concussion management.
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ImPACT (Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing)- What sideline assessment tool combines symptom checklist, cognitive screening, and balance testing for suspected concussion?
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The SCAT (Sport Concussion Assessment Tool)- What brief set of questions assesses orientation to sport-specific facts on the sideline, such as the current opponent or score?
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The Maddocks questions- What test measures postural stability by scoring errors during stances on firm and foam surfaces?
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The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS)- What rapid visual test measures eye movement speed and can be affected by a concussion?
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The King-Devick test- What is second impact syndrome?
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A rare, potentially fatal condition where a second head injury occurs before full recovery from a prior concussion, causing rapid brain swelling- What is the primary reason athletes suspected of a concussion should never be immediately returned to play the same day?
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The risk of catastrophic outcomes such as second impact syndrome and the need to allow the brain time to recover
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