Shielding gases, wire types, transfer modes, settings and troubleshooting.
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- What does GMAW stand for?
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Gas Metal Arc Welding
- What does FCAW stand for?
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Flux Cored Arc Welding
- What is the primary difference between GMAW and FCAW?
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GMAW uses external shielding gas; FCAW gets protection from flux inside the wire
- What is the main principle of GMAW?
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Continuous wire feed electrode and external shielding gas create and maintain the arc
- What are the three transfer modes in GMAW?
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Short-circuit, globular, and spray transfer
- What is short-circuit transfer?
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Arc rapidly cycles between short and open, with 50-200 shorts per second
- What is globular transfer?
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Large molten droplets form at wire tip and transfer across the arc gap
- What is spray transfer?
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Fine, small droplets spray from wire across the arc gap at high velocity
- In which transfer mode is spatter minimized?
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Spray transfer
- What type of welding is short-circuit transfer best suited for?
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Thin materials and out-of-position welding
- What are the primary applications for spray transfer?
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Flat and horizontal thick section welds in fabrication
- What is the standard shielding gas mixture for mild steel GMAW?
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Argon with 15-25% CO2
- What effect does increasing CO2 in the shielding gas mixture have?
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Increases penetration and heat input
- Why is 100% argon used in some GMAW applications?
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Better arc stability and penetration for stainless steel and aluminum
- What gas mixture is recommended for aluminum GMAW?
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Argon or argon with up to 10% helium